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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
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Cell Size01:22

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Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Viral Nanoparticles for In vivo Tumor Imaging
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Endogenous pH-responsive nanoparticles with programmable size changes for targeted tumor therapy and imaging

Wei Wu1, Li Luo1, Yi Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.

Theranostics
|June 14, 2018
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Summary

pH-responsive nanocarriers offer programmable size changes for enhanced anticancer drug delivery. These nanocarriers improve tumor targeting, penetration, and drug release, boosting therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
endogenous pH-responsivenanocarrierssize changetargeted drug deliverytumor therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanomedicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (nanocarriers) are effective for antitumor therapy.
  • Optimizing nanocarrier size is crucial for efficient drug delivery processes.
  • Tumor microenvironment pH variations can be leveraged for targeted drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advanced pH-responsive nanocarriers with programmable size changes for anticancer drug delivery.
  • To highlight mechanisms for tumor retention, penetration, and endo/lysosomal escape.
  • To discuss future clinical application trends and challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on pH-responsive mechanisms in nanocarrier design.
  • Analysis of size changes in response to varying pH levels (tumor, endosome, lysosome).
  • Review of literature on nanocarrier behavior and drug release kinetics.

Main Results:

  • pH-responsive nanocarriers can be designed for tumor site retention and penetration.
  • Programmable size changes facilitate endo/lysosomal escape for intracellular drug delivery.
  • Swelling or disassembly mechanisms enable controlled drug release at the tumor site.

Conclusions:

  • pH-responsive nanocarriers with size programmability show significant promise for improving anticancer drug delivery.
  • These systems enhance safety and therapeutic efficacy by responding to endogenous pH stimuli.
  • Further research and development are needed for successful clinical translation.