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Congenital Zika Syndrome and Infantile Spasms: Case Series Study

Lucas V Alves1, Maria J G Mello1, Patrícia G Bezerra1

  • 11 Department of Paediatrics Neurology, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Boa Vista, Recife, Brazil.

Journal of Child Neurology
|June 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Congenital Zika syndrome in infants can cause severe neurological issues, including infantile spasms. This study highlights Zika virus as a potential cause of these severe developmental impairments.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Congenital Zika syndrome, a condition caused by the Zika virus, shares characteristics with other congenital infections.
  • Infantile spasms are a severe form of epilepsy in infants, often associated with significant developmental delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of infantile spasms in infants diagnosed with congenital Zika syndrome.
  • To assess the neurological development and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings in these infants.

Main Methods:

  • A case series study involving 22 infants with congenital Zika syndrome in Brazil.
  • Clinical and neurological evaluations were performed.
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns were analyzed.
  • Treatment responses to vigabatrin and steroid regimens were documented.

Main Results:

  • All 22 infants presented with severe impairment of neuropsychomotor development.
  • The median age of infantile spasms onset was 4.3 months (range: 1-7 months).
  • Eighteen infants showed an interictal hypsarrhythmia EEG pattern.
  • Vigabatrin controlled spasms in only 5 patients; others required steroid treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital Zika syndrome is associated with a high incidence of infantile spasms.
  • The Zika virus should be considered an etiological agent for infantile spasms.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for infants with congenital Zika syndrome and neurological complications.

Keywords:
Zika viruscongenital Zika syndromeinfantile spasms

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