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Related Concept Videos

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

Lower GI Series: Barium Enema

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A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow01:24

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The Barium Swallow Study, or a Barium Esophagogram, is a diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It employs barium sulfate, a radiopaque contrast material, to provide clear images of the upper digestive system, helping to identify abnormalities, diseases, or structural issues.
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Histone Modification02:32

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
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In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and...
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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Characterization of Surface Modifications by White Light Interferometry: Applications in Ion Sputtering, Laser Ablation, and Tribology Experiments
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Improving barium ion adsorption on two-dimensional titanium carbide by surface modification.

Wanjun Mu1, Shenzhen Du, Qianhong Yu

  • 1Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 64# Mianshan Road, Mianyang, 621900, Sichuan Province, P. R. China. muwj2014@163.com muwj1012@163.com.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|June 14, 2018
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Summary

Surface modification of Ti3C2Tx (2D-MXene) enhances barium ion adsorption capacity. This novel Alk-Ti3C2Tx material shows high selectivity for radionuclide removal from nuclear wastewater.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) MXene materials are gaining attention for various applications.
  • However, their limited adsorption capacity for metal ions hinders their use in nuclear wastewater treatment.
  • Radionuclide removal from wastewater is critical for environmental protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient surface modification strategy for Ti3C2Tx.
  • To enhance the adsorption capacity of Ti3C2Tx for metal ions, specifically radionuclides.
  • To evaluate the performance of the modified material in nuclear wastewater remediation.

Main Methods:

  • Surface modification of Ti3C2Tx to create Alk-Ti3C2Tx.
  • Characterization of Alk-Ti3C2Tx for properties like layer spacing and active sites.
  • Adsorption experiments to determine Ba2+ removal capacity and selectivity in aqueous solutions and simulated nuclear wastewater.

Main Results:

  • Alk-Ti3C2Tx exhibits significantly increased layer spacing and abundant active adsorption sites.
  • The maximum Ba2+ adsorption capacity of Alk-Ti3C2Tx reached 46.46 mg g-1, nearly triple that of unmodified Ti3C2Tx.
  • Alk-Ti3C2Tx demonstrated remarkable selectivity for Ba2+ removal from simulated mixed nuclear wastewater.

Conclusions:

  • Surface modification is an effective strategy to improve MXene-based adsorbents.
  • Alk-Ti3C2Tx shows exceptional potential for high-capacity and selective removal of radionuclides like barium from nuclear wastewater.
  • This advancement offers a promising solution for environmental wastewater treatment in the nuclear industry.