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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

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Published on: January 22, 2018

Ethylene modulates root cortical senescence in barley.

Hannah M Schneider^1,2, Tobias Wojciechowski¹, Johannes A Postma¹

¹Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften Pflanzenwissenschaften (IBG-2), Jülich, Germany.

Annals of Botany

|June 14, 2018

Summary

Ethylene accelerates root cortical senescence (RCS) in barley, a process linked to programmed cell death (PCD) gene expression. This finding offers insights into plant adaptation to environmental stresses.

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Root cortical senescence (RCS) is a critical but understudied process in plants.
RCS plays a role in plant adaptation to environmental stresses, such as nutrient deficiency.
The role of ethylene in regulating RCS is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of ethylene in modulating RCS in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).
To examine the expression of ethylene synthesis, signaling, and programmed cell death (PCD) genes during RCS.
To determine if exogenous ethylene accelerates RCS and if inhibitors can reverse this effect.

Main Methods:

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze gene expression in barley root segments.
Root senescence was manipulated by applying ethylene and ethylene inhibitors to the root zone.
Barley genotypes exhibiting varying degrees of RCS were studied.

Main Results:

Ethylene was found to modulate RCS in barley.
Four ethylene synthesis and signaling genes were upregulated during RCS under various nutrient conditions.
Exogenous ethylene accelerated RCS by 35-46%, an effect reversed by an ethylene inhibitor.
RCS correlated with the expression of two PCD-related genes.

Conclusions:

Ethylene plays a significant role in regulating root cortical senescence.
The mechanisms of RCS development share similarities with root cortical aerenchyma formation, particularly in ethylene's modulation of PCD.
Understanding ethylene's role in RCS can inform strategies for improving plant stress tolerance.