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Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.

Calvin Ly1, Alexandra C Greb1, Lindsay P Cameron2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Cell Reports
|June 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serotonergic psychedelics, like ketamine, promote neuron growth and synapse formation in the prefrontal cortex. This structural plasticity may explain their rapid antidepressant effects and therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
DMTLSDMDMAdepressionketamineneural plasticitynoribogainepsychedelicspinogenesissynaptogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Prefrontal cortex (PFC) neuron atrophy is implicated in depression.
  • Ketamine's fast-acting antidepressant effects are linked to PFC structural and functional plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if serotonergic psychedelics can promote neuronal plasticity in the PFC.
  • To explore the molecular pathways involved in psychedelic-induced plasticity.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for depression.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo studies of neuritogenesis and spinogenesis.
  • Fluorescence microscopy and electrophysiology to measure synapse number and function.
  • Analysis of TrkB, mTOR, and 5-HT2A signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Serotonergic psychedelics robustly increase neuritogenesis and/or spinogenesis.
  • These structural changes correlate with increased synapse number and function.
  • Psychedelic-induced plasticity is mediated by TrkB, mTOR, and 5-HT2A signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Serotonergic psychedelics promote neuronal plasticity, similar to ketamine.
  • This plasticity mechanism may underlie their rapid antidepressant effects.
  • Psychedelics show therapeutic potential for depression, offering lead scaffolds for drug development.