Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Genome-wide Gene Deletions in Streptococcus sanguinis by High Throughput PCR
Published on: November 23, 2012
Whole genome shotgun sequences of Streptococcus pyogenes causing acute pharyngitis from India
Dhanya Dharmapalan1, Francis Yesurajan Inbanathan2, Suhas Kharche3
1Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:
Streptococcus pyogenes, belonging to group A streptococcus (GAS), causes over 600 million infections annually being a predominant human pathogen. Lack of genomic data on GAS from India is one limitation to understand its virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants. The genome of GAS isolates from clinical samples collected at Navi Mumbai, India was sequenced and annotated. Sequencing was performed on Ion Torrent PGM platform. The size of annotated S. pyogenes genomes ranged from ~1.69 to ~1.85 Mb with coverage of 38× to 189×. Most of the isolates had msr(D) and mef(A), and four isolates had erm(B) gene for macrolide resistance. The genome harboured multiple virulence factors including exotoxins in addition to phage elements in all GAS genomes. Four isolates belonged to sequence type ST28, 7 were identified as ST36 and 1 as ST55.
Related Concept Videos
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Genomics
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
Cis-regulatory Sequences

