Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026
06:55
Assessment of Maternal Vascular Remodeling During Pregnancy in the Mouse Uterus
Published on: December 5, 2015
14.2K
Maternal snuff use and cotinine in late pregnancy-A validation study
Anna Gunnerbeck1,2, Pauline Raaschou3, Sven Cnattingius3
1Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
|June 15, 2018
Summary
Self-reported maternal snuff use during pregnancy is highly accurate, with 98% sensitivity and 96% specificity. However, official birth records misclassify 45% of snuff users, potentially underestimating health risks.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Public Health
- Toxicology
Background:
- Oral moist snuff use is prevalent in Sweden, including among pregnant women.
- Maternal snuff use is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- Previous studies lacked validation for self-reported maternal snuff use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate self-reported maternal snuff use during pregnancy.
- To compare self-reported data with biomarker and registry data.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study (2005-2011) of 381 non-smoking pregnant women (263 snuff users).
- Self-reported snuff use via questionnaires and validated with maternal urine cotinine levels.
- Comparison with data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register.
Main Results:
- Maternal urine cotinine confirmed high validity of self-reported snuff use (98% sensitivity, 96% specificity).
- The Medical Birth Register misclassified 45% of late-pregnancy snuff users as non-users.
- Significant variations in cotinine levels observed between pouch types and even among users of similar daily quantities.
Conclusions:
- Self-reported snuff use in pregnancy via questionnaires is a valid measure.
- Medical Birth Register data significantly underestimates snuff use in late pregnancy.
- Underestimation of maternal snuff use in registries risks downplaying associated adverse health effects.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Reliability and Validity
14.1K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
14.1K
01:15Data Validation
2.1K
Method validation is a crucial process in analytical chemistry designed to confirm that a given method consistently produces reliable and high-quality results. This process is essential when a method is applied to different sample matrices or when procedural modifications are made, ensuring that the results meet acceptable standards across various applications.
Key parameters for method validation include:
Key parameters for method validation include:
2.1K
01:03Data Validation
6.8K
Data validation is an essential part of a comprehensive assessment. Validation is confirming or verifying and opening the door to gathering more assessment data as it clarifies vague or unclear data. The process of checking and verifying the collected information is called data validation. The primary purpose of data validation is to ensure data is as free from error, bias, and misinterpretation as possible.
Nursing assessment guides are generally based on holistic models rather than medical...
Nursing assessment guides are generally based on holistic models rather than medical...
6.8K
01:26Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis I
4.0K
A nursing diagnosis is written when the nurse recognizes a cluster of essential patient data indicating health problems treated with independent nursing interventions. The standardized terminologies of a nursing diagnosis help nurses identify and treat patients' problems. Every electronic health record that uses nursing diagnosis must employ standard diagnostic terminology. Developing an efficient, individualized care plan begins with accurate nursing diagnoses.
There are thirteen domains...
There are thirteen domains...
4.0K
01:25Formulating and Validating Nursing Diagnosis II
4.0K
Nursing diagnoses represent a problem validated by major defining characteristics. There are four categories of nursing diagnoses: problem-focused, risk, health promotion or wellness, and syndrome. The anatomy of a nursing diagnosis includes three components: problem statement or diagnostic label, defining characteristics, and related factors.
Risk nursing diagnoses represent clinical judgments of an individual, family, or community more vulnerable to developing the health problem than others...
Risk nursing diagnoses represent clinical judgments of an individual, family, or community more vulnerable to developing the health problem than others...
4.0K
01:10In Vitro Drug Release Testing: Overview, Development and Validation
363
In vitro dissolution and drug release tests assess how quickly and how much of a drug is released from its dosage form into an aqueous medium under standardized laboratory conditions. These tests are essential tools in pharmaceutical development and quality assurance, offering insight into the drug's performance before clinical use.During formulation development, dissolution testing identifies incomplete or inconsistent drug release issues. It also supports decisions on selecting the optimal...
363