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Updated: Feb 9, 2026
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A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
Published on: November 11, 2013
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Emotion recognition and its relation to prefrontal function and network in heroin plus nicotine dependence: a pilot
Hada Fong-Ha Ieong1, Zhen Yuan1
1University of Macau, Bioimaging Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, Macau SAR, China.
Neurophotonics
|June 15, 2018
Summary
This study found that individuals with heroin and nicotine dependence show impaired inhibition and altered brain connectivity, suggesting potential biomarkers for opioid use disorder recovery.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Substance use disorders (SUDs) often occur in stressful environments with comorbidities.
- Understanding neural mechanisms of heroin and nicotine dependence is crucial for effective behavioral therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify potential biomarkers for opioid use disorder (OUD) susceptibility during recovery.
- To examine clinical characteristics and relationships between social cognition (Theory of Mind) and executive functions in dependent individuals.
Main Methods:
- Compared three groups: heroin plus nicotine-dependent (HND) patients, nicotine-dependent (ND) subjects, and healthy controls (C).
- Assessed executive functions (inhibition, shifting, updating, access, processing speed) and emotion recognition.
- Utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to explore resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and task-induced connectivity.
Main Results:
- HND patients exhibited increased anxiety, depression, and hyperactivity.
- Both HND and ND groups showed impaired inhibition; other executive functions were generally intact.
- HND patients displayed enhanced rsFC in medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), with decreased PFC connectivity during a ToM task.
Conclusions:
- Findings support the reward-deficit-and-stress-surfeit hypothesis in SUDs, particularly OUD, post-withdrawal.
- Altered brain connectivity in HND patients may offer insights into potential biomarkers for recovery and dynamic environmental adaptation.
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