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Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Concepció Marin1, Dolores Vilas2, Cristóbal Langdon3,4

  • 1INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. cmarin@clinic.cat.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory dysfunction is an early symptom of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Monitoring sense of smell aids in early diagnosis and tracking disease progression.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseOlfactionParkinson’s diseaseclinical markerdopamineneurodegenerationolfactory bulbs

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is an early, pre-motor symptom in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
  • It can appear years before significant motor or cognitive decline, serving as a potential early clinical marker.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neurobiology of olfaction in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • To highlight the value of olfactory function as an early diagnostic and prognostic marker.
  • To discuss its role in precision medicine and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on olfactory dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Description of olfactory function measurement techniques.
  • Analysis of neuropathological correlations and neurotransmitter system changes.

Main Results:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a consistent finding in early stages of several neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Combined with other markers, it aids in early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and disease monitoring.
  • Understanding olfactory loss mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory function assessment is valuable for early detection and management of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • It supports precision medicine approaches for neuroprotective and disease-modifying treatments.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the direct biological links between olfactory loss and specific neurological disorders.