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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

930
Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
930
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

980
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

Hypertension V: Nursing Management

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The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
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Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

4.6K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.6K
Resistance01:19

Resistance

6.0K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
6.0K
Equivalent Resistance01:16

Equivalent Resistance

991
In circuit analysis, situations often arise where resistors are neither in series nor parallel configurations. To tackle such scenarios, three-terminal equivalent networks like the wye (Y) (Figure 1 (a)) or tee (T) and delta (Δ) (Figure 1 (b)) or pi (π) networks come into play. These networks offer versatile solutions and are frequently encountered in various applications, including three-phase electrical systems, electrical filters, and matching networks.
991

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension
04:37

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension

Published on: June 6, 2025

752

Resistant hypertension.

Fang-Fei Wei, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Qi-Fang Huang

  • 1jan.staessen@med.kuleuven.be.

Kardiologia Polska
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing medical treatment, not novel devices, is the current best approach for managing treatment-resistant hypertension. This review emphasizes evidence-based strategies for hypertension control.

Keywords:
baroreflexpharmacologyrenal denervationresistant hypertensionsympathetic nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Hypertension Management

Background:

  • Treatment-resistant hypertension (TRH) remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to cardiovascular mortality.
  • The pursuit of novel devices for TRH has, at times, overshadowed established pathophysiological understanding.
  • Recent evidence since 2013 guides current management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence, risks, and diagnostic criteria for treatment-resistant hypertension.
  • To summarize recent advancements in medical and device-based management of TRH.
  • To highlight future research directions in hypertension treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of prevalence and risks of treatment-resistant hypertension.
  • Analysis of key diagnostic requirements, including ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and medication adherence assessment.
  • Synthesis of new evidence on medical and device-based interventions for TRH since 2013.

Main Results:

  • The review critically examines the enthusiasm for device-based therapies in TRH.
  • It underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and medication adherence.
  • Recent data supports optimizing medical therapy as the primary strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing medical treatment using established algorithms represents the current standard of care for TRH.
  • Device-based interventions require careful consideration in light of pathophysiological evidence.
  • Further research is needed to refine hypertension management strategies.