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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
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Whole head quantitative susceptibility mapping using a least-norm direct dipole inversion method.

Hongfu Sun1, Yuhan Ma2, M Ethan MacDonald1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Neuroimage
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A novel least-norm quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) method directly inverts the dipole field in a single step. This approach enhances accuracy and automation for whole-head susceptibility mapping without brain extraction.

Keywords:
Least-norm QSM (LN-QSM)Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM)Tikhonov regularizationTotal field inversionWhole head QSM

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is crucial for neuroimaging.
  • Current QSM methods often involve sequential background field removal and local field inversion.
  • These steps can lead to errors and require extensive pre-processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, single-step dipole field inversion method for whole-head QSM.
  • To improve the accuracy, automation, and applicability of QSM.
  • To preserve anatomical details like the cerebral cortex.

Main Methods:

  • A single-step dipole field inversion technique directly on the total field map.
  • Implementation of Tikhonov regularization with L-curve criterion for least-norm (LN) solution.
  • Elimination of brain edge erosion and brain extraction requirements.

Main Results:

  • Reduced errors in numerical phantom simulations.
  • Improved accuracy in gadolinium phantom experiments.
  • Suppressed artifacts and consistent measurements of deep grey matter and skull susceptibilities in human subjects.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed LN-QSM method offers a more robust and automated approach to whole-head susceptibility mapping.
  • Preservation of the cerebral cortex enhances applicability for cortical grey matter measurement, functional imaging, and venography.
  • The single-step inversion simplifies the QSM pipeline, reducing reliance on pre-processing parameters.