Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

2.9K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
2.9K
Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate01:25

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate

696
Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
696
Inverse Trigonometric Functions01:29

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

297
Inverse trigonometric functions are fundamental mathematical tools that reverse the actions of standard trigonometric functions. While trigonometric functions map angles to ratios, inverse trigonometric functions perform the opposite operation by mapping a ratio back to its corresponding angle. These functions are essential in various applications, particularly in determining angles when given specific distances, such as calculating elevation angles in navigation and engineering.For a function...
297
Inverse Hyperbolic Functions and Their Derivatives01:25

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions and Their Derivatives

80
The shape of a suspension bridge cable hanging under its own weight is described by a catenary curve, which is modeled using the hyperbolic cosine function. This mathematical model accurately captures the balance between gravity and tension acting along the cable. When a particular vertical position on the cable is known, the corresponding horizontal position can be determined using the inverse hyperbolic cosine function, allowing for a detailed analysis of the cable's geometry.Inverse...
80
Pollination and Flower Structure02:40

Pollination and Flower Structure

75.7K
Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.  
75.7K
Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions01:30

Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions

431
A ship tracking an approaching aircraft relies on geometric measurements to find out the aircraft’s position relative to the observer. By measuring the slant distance to the aircraft and the angle of elevation, the horizontal and vertical components of the distance can be obtained using trigonometric relationships. This geometric approach provides a basis for analyzing how the observed angle changes as the aircraft moves closer to the ship.To examine the mathematical behavior of the angle...
431

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electrogenic dynamics of biofilm formation: Correlation between genetic expression and electrochemical activity in Bacillus subtilis.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2025
Same author

The Effect of Surface Oxygen Coverage on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction over a CoFeNiCr High-Entropy Alloy.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Evaporation of Water Nanodroplets on Heated Surfaces: Does Nano Matter?

ACS nano·2022
Same author

Thermodynamics of ion exchange coupled with swelling reactions in hydrated clay minerals.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2021
Same author

Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry: An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021
Same author

Strong Anisotropy in Liquid Water upon Librational Excitation Using Terahertz Laser Fields.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2020
Same journal

The influence of chirality on the macroscopic behavior of multiferroic smectic phases.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Polaron transformed canonically consistent quantum master equation.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

The x-ray absorption spectrum of the propargyl radical C3H3●.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Transient hydroperoxyalkyl intermediates (•QOOH) in isopentane oxidation. I. Conformer- and isomer-resolved infrared spectra.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Transient hydroperoxyalkyl intermediates (•QOOH) in isopentane oxidation. II. Isomer-resolved unimolecular dynamics.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Quantum state-to-state dynamics studies of the C(3P) + OH(X2Π) → CO(a3Π) + H(2S) reaction based on a new HCO(12A″) potential energy surface.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion
09:17

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.6K

A structural coarse-grained model for clays using simple iterative Boltzmann inversion.

Karl Schaettle1, Luis Ruiz Pestana2, Teresa Head-Gordon1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|June 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cesium-137 (Cs+) exchange in micaceous clays is modeled, revealing that neighboring Cs-exchanged layers expand K-illite interlayers. This structural relaxation favors ordered Cs- and K-illite interstratification over adjacent exchange.

More Related Videos

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.4K
Structure of HIV-1 Capsid Assemblies by Cryo-electron Microscopy and Iterative Helical Real-space Reconstruction
12:38

Structure of HIV-1 Capsid Assemblies by Cryo-electron Microscopy and Iterative Helical Real-space Reconstruction

Published on: August 9, 2011

17.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion
09:17

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.6K
Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.4K
Structure of HIV-1 Capsid Assemblies by Cryo-electron Microscopy and Iterative Helical Real-space Reconstruction
12:38

Structure of HIV-1 Capsid Assemblies by Cryo-electron Microscopy and Iterative Helical Real-space Reconstruction

Published on: August 9, 2011

17.8K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Cesium-137 (Cs+) is a hazardous byproduct of nuclear energy with long half-life.
  • Cs+ readily exchanges with K+ in micaceous clays, forming interstratified Cs- and K-illite.
  • Understanding this ion exchange is crucial for managing radioactive waste.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a coarse-grained (CG) model of Cs+ and K+ ion exchange in anhydrous illite interlayers.
  • To investigate the structural and energetic consequences of ion exchange at clay interlayers.
  • To compare the favorability of ordered versus adjacent interstratification.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a CG model using iterative Boltzmann inversion.
  • Simulation of ion exchange processes in illite interlayers.
  • Analysis of interlayer expansion, structural relaxations, and interstratification thermodynamics.

Main Results:

  • The CG model accurately reproduces experimental observations of ion exchange and interstratification.
  • A 70-fold speedup in simulation time compared to all-atom models was achieved.
  • Neighboring Cs-exchanged layers induce interlayer expansion and reduce cohesion in adjacent K-illite layers.
  • Ordered interstratification of Cs- and K-illite is found to be thermodynamically and mechanically favorable.

Conclusions:

  • The CG model provides a computationally efficient tool for studying Cs+ remediation in clays.
  • Ion exchange at clay interlayers leads to structural relaxations that differ from previous theories.
  • Ordered interstratification is a preferred mechanism for Cs+ and K+ exchange in illite.