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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Acute kidney injury is associated with a decrease in cortical renal perfusion during septic shock.

Anatole Harrois1, Nicolas Grillot1, Samy Figueiredo1

  • 1Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital De Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 78, Rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Critical Care (London, England)
|June 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Septic shock patients show decreased cortical renal perfusion, measured by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). This reduced perfusion is linked to acute kidney injury (AKI) and may improve over the first three days of care.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryRenal failureRenal perfusionRenal ultrasonographySepsisSeptic shock

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Renal perfusion is not well understood at the bedside in septic shock.
  • Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) offers a method to assess cortical renal perfusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure cortical renal perfusion in septic shock patients during the first 72 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) stay.
  • To compare renal perfusion between septic shock patients and non-septic shock controls.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 20 septic shock and 10 control ICU patients.
  • Cortical renal perfusion assessed using CEUS with Sonovue.
  • Measurements included perfusion index (PI) and mean transit time (mTT) at 0, 24-48, and 72 hours.

Main Results:

  • Septic shock patients had lower PI and higher mTT than controls (p<0.05).
  • Renal perfusion (PI) improved significantly from day 0 to day 3 in septic shock patients (p=0.02).
  • Higher mTT was observed in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI).

Conclusions:

  • Cortical renal perfusion can vary in septic shock, with an overall decrease observed compared to controls.
  • Decreased renal perfusion was associated with severe AKI.
  • CEUS may be a valuable tool for guiding renal perfusion management in septic shock, warranting further research.