Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Critical Region, Critical Values and Significance Level

Critical Region, Critical Values and Significance Level

The critical region, critical value, and significance level are interdependent concepts crucial in hypothesis testing.
In hypothesis testing, a sample statistic is converted to a test statistic using z, t, or chi-square distribution. A critical region is an area under the curve in probability distributions demarcated by the critical value. When the test statistic falls in this region, it suggests that the null hypothesis must be rejected. As this region contains all those values of the...

Critical Values

Critical Values

A critical value is a definite value obtained from a particular probability distribution at a predecided confidence level (or a predecided significance level) for a given population parameter. The critical value provides demarcation that separates the sample statistics that are likely to occur from the ones that are unlikely to occur based on the given probability distribution and the population parameter to be estimated. The critical value for normal distribution is obtained from the z...

Critical Thinking I

Critical Thinking I

Critical thinking helps decision-making and allows nurses to recognize barriers to success and find solutions to possible issues. It helps to brainstorm and implement ideas to achieve goals. Critical thinking helps acknowledge and state workflow inefficiencies while improving management techniques. Nurses understand the value of critical thinking and look for fellow nurses with critical thinking skills to upgrade their professional standards. Critical thinking can advance a nurse's career...

Critical Thinking II

Critical Thinking II

Critical thinking is a cognitive process with several attributes. The attributes of critical thinking include the following:

Critical Thinking

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Nuclear factor of activated T cells as a driver of tumor progression and a target for precision therapy.

Animal models and experimental medicine·2026

Same author

Two Faces of NFAT Transcription Factors in Lymphocytes<i>-A Personal Account</i>.

Biomolecules·2026

Same author

Enhanced fatty acid availability rewires fibroblasts metabolism and decreases collagen deposition in lung fibrosis.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2026

Same author

RAG1/2 expression in IGH-switched follicular lymphoma associated with transformation to high-grade B-cell lymphoma.

Leukemia·2026

Same author

NFATc1 Abrogation in B Cells Ameliorates Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Same author

NFATc1 deficiency in B cells ameliorates atopic dermatitis.

Scientific reports·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients

Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients

Published on: June 24, 2019

B cell development is critically dependent on NFATc1 activity.

Sabrina Giampaolo¹, Gabriela Wójcik², Stefan Klein-Hessling^1,3

¹Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Josef Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.

Cellular & Molecular Immunology

|June 17, 2018

Summary

Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) is crucial for early B cell development. Its absence impairs B cell differentiation and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, leading to B cell lymphopenia.

Keywords:

Differentiation EBF1 NFATc1 Pre-B Pro-B

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Glial Influence in Experience-Dependent Synaptic Pruning During Critical Periods

Author Spotlight: Exploring Glial Influence in Experience-Dependent Synaptic Pruning During Critical Periods

Published on: March 1, 2024

Eye Removal in Living Zebrafish Larvae to Examine Innervation-dependent Growth and Development of the Visual System

Eye Removal in Living Zebrafish Larvae to Examine Innervation-dependent Growth and Development of the Visual System

Published on: February 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients

Endotoxin Activity Assay for the Detection of Whole Blood Endotoxemia in Critically Ill Patients

Published on: June 24, 2019

Author Spotlight: Exploring Glial Influence in Experience-Dependent Synaptic Pruning During Critical Periods

Author Spotlight: Exploring Glial Influence in Experience-Dependent Synaptic Pruning During Critical Periods

Published on: March 1, 2024

Eye Removal in Living Zebrafish Larvae to Examine Innervation-dependent Growth and Development of the Visual System

Eye Removal in Living Zebrafish Larvae to Examine Innervation-dependent Growth and Development of the Visual System

Published on: February 11, 2022

Area of Science:

Immunology
Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology

Background:

B cell development is a complex, regulated process involving transcription factors and signaling pathways.
Early B cell development in bone marrow relies on Interleukin-7 (IL-7) signaling.
Key transcription factors like E2A, EBF1, and Pax5 are essential for B cell lineage specification.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) in early B cell differentiation.
To elucidate the specific mechanisms by which NFATc1 influences B cell development.

Main Methods:

Utilized gene-manipulated mouse models.
Applied various experimental methods to assess B cell development.
Analyzed gene expression, immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, and pre-B cell receptor (preBCR) formation.

Main Results:

NFATc1 activity is vital for early B cell differentiation.
Lack of NFATc1 suppresses EBF1 expression in pro-B cells.
Impaired immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and preBCR formation were observed in NFATc1-deficient cells.
Deficiency in NFATc1 arrested the pro-B to pre-B cell transition, causing B cell lymphopenia.

Conclusions:

NFATc1 is a critical transcription factor for early B cell differentiation.
NFATc1 plays an indispensable role in B cell lineage commitment and development.
NFATc1 is a key component of the signaling network regulating B cell development, alongside other transcription factors.