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Related Concept Videos

Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

2.2K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
2.2K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

16.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
8.0K
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

16.7K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

1.1K
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
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Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

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Sphingolipids in inflammatory hypoxia.

Ulrike G Glaser1, Joachim Fandrey1

  • 1Institut für Physiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany.

Biological Chemistry
|June 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how hypoxia, or low oxygen, in tumors impacts cancer and inflammation. It highlights the role of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and ceramides in these processes.

Keywords:
acid sphingomyelinaseceramidehypoxia-inducible factortumor hypoxia

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Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
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Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

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Induction of Hypoxia in Living Frog and Zebrafish Embryos
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In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis
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In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hypoxia is a key feature of tumors, affecting growth and immune response.
  • Hypoxia-inducible factors regulate cellular adaptation to low oxygen.
  • Sphingolipids, particularly ceramides, are emerging as critical mediators in tumor and inflammatory hypoxia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between the hypoxic response and the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide system.
  • To elucidate the role of ASM in inflammatory hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on hypoxia, cancer, inflammation, and sphingolipid metabolism.
  • Analysis of the function of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in cellular stress responses.
  • Examination of ASM's role in the tumor microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • ASM is a central enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism.
  • ASM acts as a regulator of stress stimuli pathways.
  • ASM plays a significant role in the tumor microenvironment and inflammatory hypoxia.

Conclusions:

  • The ASM/ceramide system is intricately linked to the hypoxic response in cancer.
  • Understanding this connection is crucial for targeting inflammatory hypoxia.