Functional and physiological adaptations following concurrent training using sets with and without concentric failure
Eduardo Lusa Cadore1, Erik Menger1, Juliana Lopes Teodoro1
1School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Experimental Gerontology
|June 17, 2018
Summary
Concurrent training (CT) in elderly men improved functional and physiological measures, regardless of training to failure. These benefits included enhanced sit-to-stand ability, muscle power, peak oxygen uptake, and HDL cholesterol, with no significant differences between training protocols.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Gerontology
- Sports Science
Background:
- Concurrent training (CT) is a popular exercise modality combining strength and endurance training.
- Determining optimal CT protocols for elderly populations is crucial for maximizing health benefits.
- The impact of training to muscular failure versus not to failure within CT remains underexplored in older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of concurrent training performed to muscular failure versus not to failure on functional and physiological adaptations in elderly men.
- To investigate if varying strength training volumes within CT influence outcomes in older adults.
- To assess the impact of different CT protocols on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic health.
Main Methods:
- Fifty-two elderly men (mean age 66.2 years) were divided into three groups: repetitions to failure (RFG), repetitions not to failure (NFG), and NFG with volume equalization (ENFG).
- Participants underwent 12 weeks of CT (strength training immediately followed by endurance training) twice weekly.
- Assessments included sit-to-stand, timed-up-and-go, muscle power (squat and countermovement jumps), VO2peak, blood lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and body composition (DXA).
Main Results:
- All CT groups showed significant improvements in sit-to-stand ability, muscle power, VO2peak, and HDL cholesterol, irrespective of training to failure or training volume.
- Reductions in body fat percentage and increases in lean mass were observed across all groups.
- Preliminary data indicated no significant differences in body composition changes between the CT protocols.
Conclusions:
- Concurrent training is effective in improving functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic markers in elderly men.
- Training to muscular failure in strength training components of CT does not appear to confer additional benefits for these specific outcomes in this population.
- Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to explore potential subtle differences in body composition adaptations between CT protocols.
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