Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
Published on: January 10, 2025
Gender-Affirming Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, 1635 Divisadero Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Abstract:
In recent years, greater acceptance of transgender individuals in society and the inclusion of medical coverage for gender-affirmation surgeries has led to an increasing number of patients seeking gender-affirming vaginoplasty. Since the first descriptions of neovaginal reconstruction for gender affirmation were described in the early and mid-1900s, various techniques and revisions have been introduced. This article provides a brief historical perspective, defines the goals of surgical treatment within a multidisciplinary approach adhering to World Professional Association for Transgender Health standards, and focuses on issues related to what is currently the most common approach to primary neovaginal reconstruction, the penile inversion vaginoplasty.
Related Concept Videos
Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions: Problem Solving
Inverse Hyperbolic Functions and Their Derivatives
Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Inverse z-Transform by Partial Fraction Expansion
To begin the process, the poles of the function are identified and the function is...
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

