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Mass Spectrometers01:16

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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IR Spectrometers01:25

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Atomic Mass01:52

Atomic Mass

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Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...
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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Microscopes and Mass Spectrometers.

Bradley Shields1, Sara C Shalin2, Alan J Tackett1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.

Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics
|June 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteomics and pathology collaborations offer new biomedical research avenues. Integrating static disease images with dynamic biological environments promises advancements in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research
  • Proteomics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pathology, an established scientific discipline, studies disease states.
  • Proteomics, a newer field, analyzes the complete set of proteins.
  • Both fields share interests and overlap in understanding disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the synergistic potential between pathology and proteomics.
  • To highlight the benefits of interdisciplinary collaboration in biomedical research.
  • To discuss recent collaborative efforts and their implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on proteomics and pathology.
  • Analysis of shared interests and overlapping methodologies.
  • Discussion of case studies or examples of successful collaborations.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key areas for integration between the two fields.
  • Demonstration of how combining static pathological images with dynamic proteomic data enhances understanding.
  • Highlighting the potential for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Interdisciplinary projects between pathologists and proteomic scientists are crucial for advancing biomedical research.
  • Such collaborations can lead to the development of innovative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies.
  • Fostering synergistic relationships will accelerate the translation of research findings into clinical practice.