Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

18.7K

Resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, T790M, and clinical trials

G M O'Kane1, T A Barnes1, N B Leighl1

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|June 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) respond to targeted therapies. This review covers current treatments, resistance mechanisms, and ongoing clinical trials for EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Precision Medicine

Background:

  • Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with sensitizing EGFR mutations benefits from targeted therapies.
  • First- and second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve outcomes compared to chemotherapy.
  • Resistance to TKIs is a significant clinical challenge in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment options for advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutations.
  • To highlight identified mechanisms of TKI resistance.
  • To discuss challenges and clinical trials aimed at overcoming resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on EGFR-mutated NSCLC treatments.
  • Analysis of TKI resistance mechanisms.
  • Overview of ongoing clinical trials for novel therapies.

Main Results:

  • EGFR TKIs offer superior progression-free survival and response rates in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
  • The T790M mutation is a key driver of resistance, targeted by osimertinib.
  • Multiple resistance mechanisms necessitate ongoing research and development of new drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances, TKI resistance remains a critical issue in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
  • Understanding resistance pathways is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.
  • Clinical trials are essential for advancing therapeutic options and improving patient outcomes.
Keywords:
EGFRLung cancerT790Mresistance

More Related Videos

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays07:42

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays

Published on: September 19, 2018

8.4K
Studying the Stoichiometry of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Intact Cells using Correlative Microscopy09:16

Studying the Stoichiometry of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Intact Cells using Correlative Microscopy

Published on: September 11, 2015

8.7K

Related Concept Videos

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases01:26

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
18.9K
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
551
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.8K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.0K
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
3.3K
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.7K