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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
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Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion

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The Complement System and C1q in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia

Ahmed El-Shamy1,2, Andrea D Branch1, Thomas D Schiano1

  • 1Division of Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology
|June 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The complement system plays a key role in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, influencing chronic infection and autoimmunity. Understanding this interplay is crucial for managing HCV pathogenesis and associated conditions like cryoglobulinemia.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • The complement system is vital for immunity against infections, including viral pathogens.
  • Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection involves dysregulation of complement pathways.
  • HCV infection is linked to conditions like cryoglobulinemia and liver fibrosis, involving complement activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between HCV and the complement system.
  • To explore how complement contributes to chronic HCV infection and autoimmunity.
  • To examine the association between HCV pathogenesis and altered complement profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating HCV and complement interactions.
  • Analysis of clinical and experimental evidence on complement's role in HCV manifestations.
  • Synthesis of data on complement pathway activation in HCV and cryoglobulinemia.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports complement system involvement in both intrahepatic and extrahepatic HCV complications.
  • HCV infection dysregulates complement-mediated immune responses.
  • Abnormal complement profiles are associated with HCV pathogenesis and type II cryoglobulinemia.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is integral to chronic HCV infection, autoimmunity, and pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between HCV and complement.
  • Understanding these interactions may reveal new therapeutic targets for HCV-related conditions.

Keywords:
C1qcomplementgC1qRhepatitis C viruslivermixed cryoglobulinemia

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