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This meta-analysis reveals that individuals with type 2 diabetes exhibit lower zinc levels and higher copper and ferritin status compared to healthy controls. These findings highlight key trace element imbalances in type 2 diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder linked to trace element imbalances.
  • Previous studies on trace element status in type 2 diabetes patients have yielded conflicting results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis summarizing existing literature on zinc, copper, iron, and manganese levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of trace element status in type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across multiple electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, EBSCOHost, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science) from 1970 to November 2016.
  • Studies comparing trace elements (zinc, copper, iron, manganese) in type 2 diabetic patients versus healthy controls were included.
  • Bias-corrected Hedges' g was used for effect sizes, with robust variance estimation to handle dependencies between multiple outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 52 studies with 98 effect sizes, involving 20,183 participants.
  • Diabetic patients showed significantly lower zinc status (effect size = -1.73, p<0.01).
  • Significantly higher copper (effect size = 1.10, p<0.05) and ferritin levels (effect size = 1.05, p<0.01) were observed in diabetic patients compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with type 2 diabetes demonstrate a distinct pattern of trace element dysregulation.
  • Key findings include reduced zinc status and elevated copper and ferritin levels in type 2 diabetes.
  • These alterations in trace element status warrant further investigation in the context of type 2 diabetes management.