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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

3.6K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
3.6K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

3.1K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
3.1K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.4K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.4K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.2K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.2K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Multiple-Site SO2 -Capture Ionic Liquids with Nearly Uniform Site Performance.

Huarong Tang1, Dongmei Lu2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049 (China).

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|June 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We developed novel ionic liquids (ILs) for efficient sulfur dioxide (SO2) capture. These ILs exhibit high uptake capacity and effective capture through unique borate anion designs, outperforming current SO2 sorbents.

Keywords:
absorptiondensity functional calculationseffective uptakeionic liquidssulfur dioxide capture

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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a major air pollutant requiring efficient capture technologies.
  • Existing SO2 capture reagents face limitations in capacity and regeneration efficiency.
  • Ionic liquids (ILs) offer potential as tunable sorbents for gas capture applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate novel azolium poly(azolyl)borate ionic liquids (ILs) for reversible SO2 capture.
  • To investigate the binding mechanisms and energy landscapes of SO2 interaction with the designed ILs.
  • To compare the SO2 capture performance of the proposed ILs against existing sorbent materials.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to model SO2 binding.
  • Computational simulations were used to assess binding energies and interaction sites.
  • Analysis of anion structure, charge distribution, and steric effects informed IL design.

Main Results:

  • The designed borate anions exhibit strong, multi-site binding with SO2 with nearly uniform binding energies.
  • The novel ILs demonstrate high overall SO2 uptake capacities.
  • Significantly higher effective uptakes were achieved compared to current SO2 capture reagents due to reduced absorbate-absorbate repulsion.

Conclusions:

  • Azolium poly(azolyl)borate ILs represent a promising class of materials for effective and reversible SO2 capture.
  • The unique structural features of the borate anions enhance SO2 binding and minimize repulsive interactions.
  • These findings pave the way for developing advanced sorbents for industrial SO2 emission control.