Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

593
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
593
Graphical Representation of Inequalities01:28

Graphical Representation of Inequalities

221
The graph of the equation where y equals x squared forms a curve known as a parabola. This curve acts as a boundary in the coordinate plane, dividing it into distinct regions based on the relative position of points.When the equality sign in the equation is replaced with an inequality—such as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, or less than or equal to—the graphical representation changes from a single curve into a broader shaded area that signifies the set of all...
221
Control Volume and System Representations01:16

Control Volume and System Representations

1.6K
Two key frameworks are employed to analyze mass, energy, and momentum transfer: the control volume approach and the system approach. These frameworks offer different perspectives, depending on whether the focus is on a specific region in space (control volume approach) or a defined mass of fluid (system approach).
The control volume approach considers a stationary region in space through which fluid flows. This region is bounded by a control surface.  For instance, in the case of water...
1.6K
Vector Representation of Complex Numbers01:16

Vector Representation of Complex Numbers

553
Complex numbers, represented in Cartesian coordinates, can also be visualized as vectors. These vectors can be expressed in polar form, emphasizing their magnitude and angle. When a complex number is input into a function, the output is another complex number, highlighting the function's zero point from which the vector representation can originate.
Consider a function defined as the product of the complex factors in the numerator divided by the product of the complex factors in the...
553
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

589
The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
589
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

740
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
740

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Faster but less precise: expectation enhances response speed while reducing sensory fidelity.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Baseline neurochemical excitability and individual differences in motor learning and non-invasive brain stimulation outcomes.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

How hyperoxia affects systemic redox state: insights from PULSE-Ox, a randomised double-blind mechanistic feasibility trial.

BJA open·2026
Same author

British National Formulary Guidance on prescribing in pregnancy: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Medicines prescribed in pregnancy: Protocol for a signal detection study using routinely collected data in England.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Antibiotic prescribing in people with and without diabetes: a population-based matched cohort study.

JAC-antimicrobial resistance·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.6K

Parallel consolidation into visual working memory results in reduced precision representations.

Reuben Rideaux1, Emma Baker2, Mark Edwards2

  • 1Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Australia; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Vision Research
|June 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual working memory can consolidate multiple items simultaneously. New research shows that color information, like motion direction, is encoded with reduced precision when consolidated in parallel, especially with shorter exposure durations.

Keywords:
ColourParallel consolidationVisual working memory

More Related Videos

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

8.2K
Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.6K
Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

8.2K
Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Visual working memory (VWM) allows parallel consolidation of information.
  • Previous studies indicated reduced precision for motion direction but not color during parallel consolidation.
  • Inconsistencies in parallel consolidation phenomena for different visual features were unexplained.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate why color consolidation in parallel VWM showed no precision reduction.
  • To test if reduced precision for color consolidation is detectable with more than two items.
  • To determine if exposure duration influences parallel consolidation precision.

Main Methods:

  • Participants consolidated visual items (color and motion direction) in parallel.
  • Varying the number of items consolidated (up to three) and exposure duration.
  • Measuring the precision of encoded features.

Main Results:

  • Color items consolidated in parallel are encoded at reduced precision, similar to motion direction.
  • Reduced precision for color consolidation is detectable with shorter exposure durations.
  • The parallel consolidation process is limited to two items.

Conclusions:

  • Shorter exposure durations are critical for detecting precision reduction in parallel VWM consolidation.
  • A general principle exists: a trade-off between the number of items consolidated in parallel and their encoding precision.
  • This trade-off applies to features like color and motion direction in VWM.