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Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol
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Structural network maturation of the preterm human brain.

Tengda Zhao1, Virendra Mishra2, Tina Jeon3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.

Neuroimage
|June 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human brain development in the 3rd trimester shows rapid increases in efficiency at key brain hubs and in short-range connections. This structural network maturation supports brain function emergence and segregation.

Keywords:
Baby connectomeBrain networkDifferentiated maturationDiffusion MRISegregationStructural connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The third trimester is critical for human brain development, forming complex neural circuits and a segregated connectome at birth.
  • Previous research identified network properties like rich-club organization in preterm infants, but developmental trajectories across regions and connection types remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential development of structural brain networks across regions and connection types in preterm and full-term neonates.
  • To analyze how network efficiency and connection strength evolve during late gestation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-resolution diffusion MRI on 77 preterm and full-term neonates (31.9-41.7 postmenstrual weeks).
  • Constructed structural connectivity matrices and performed graph-theory-based analyses to assess network properties.

Main Results:

  • Nodal efficiency increased most rapidly in brain hubs within sensorimotor, frontal, and precuneus regions.
  • Rich-club and within-module connections showed higher rates of edge strength increase compared to other connections.
  • Short-range connections exhibited faster edge strength growth than long-range connections; hub nodal efficiencies predicted postmenstrual age.

Conclusions:

  • Brain network development during late gestation is characterized by accelerated efficiency gains in hubs and rich-club connections.
  • Rapid maturation of short-range and within-module connections contributes to network segregation.
  • These developmental patterns are crucial for the differentiated emergence of brain functions.