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The Interaction of Human Pathogenic Fungi With C-Type Lectin Receptors

Surabhi Goyal1,2, Juan Camilo Castrillón-Betancur2,3, Esther Klaile2

  • 1Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Frontiers in Immunology
|June 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are key to antifungal immunity, recognizing fungal components to trigger immune responses. Genetic variations in CLRs increase susceptibility to potentially fatal fungal infections.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Mycology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Fungi cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Healthy individuals typically mount effective antifungal immune responses.
  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), especially C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), are crucial for antifungal immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of CLRs in orchestrating antifungal immune responses.
  • To examine the contribution of CLR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to fungal infection risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on CLRs and antifungal immunity.
  • Analysis of CLR function in recognizing fungal cell surface carbohydrates (e.g., β-glucans, mannans).
  • Discussion of CLR-mediated immune reactions (phagocytosis, cytokine production, Th17 activation).

Main Results:

  • CLRs like Dectin-1, Dectin-2, Mincle, MR, and DC-SIGN recognize diverse fungi.
  • CLRs collaborate with each other and other PRRs for effective antifungal responses.
  • Mutations/SNPs in CLRs are linked to increased susceptibility to fungal infections.

Conclusions:

  • CLRs are central to innate and adaptive antifungal immunity.
  • Understanding CLR function and genetic variations is vital for managing fungal infections.
  • Targeting CLRs may offer new therapeutic strategies against fungal diseases.
Keywords:
AspergillusC-type lectin receptorCandidapathogenic fungipattern recognition receptorsingle nucleotide polymorphisms

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