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Severe hypertriglyceridemia presenting as eruptive xanthomatosis.

Sameera S Vangara1, Kyle D Klingbeil1, Raymond M Fertig1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|June 20, 2018
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Summary

Eruptive xanthomatosis, a skin condition linked to high triglycerides, signals a severe health risk. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent potentially fatal pancreatitis.

Keywords:
Acute pancreatitiseruptive xanthomafenofibratehyperlipoproteinemiahypertriglyceridemiaicosapent ethyllow-density lipoprotein receptormolluscum contagiosum

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Eruptive xanthomatosis presents as sudden, erythematous yellow papules, indicative of severe hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride levels > 2000 mg/dl).
  • Causes include primary genetic factors, secondary chronic diseases, and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
  • This condition serves as a critical warning sign for acute pancreatitis, a life-threatening complication.

Observation:

  • A case study of a 52-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is presented.
  • The patient exhibited eruptive xanthomata with an exceptionally high triglyceride level of 7157 mg/dl.
  • Notably, this extreme triglyceride level was recorded in the absence of acute pancreatitis.

Findings:

  • The patient demonstrated a significant positive response to pharmacologic therapy.
  • Literature review supports the clinical relevance and effective treatment strategies for eruptive xanthomatosis.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of recognizing eruptive xanthomatosis as a marker for severe hypertriglyceridemia.
  • Emphasizes the need for prompt medical intervention to mitigate the risk of acute pancreatitis.
  • Underscores the efficacy of therapeutic management in resolving eruptive xanthomatosis and managing underlying hypertriglyceridemia.