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Comparative study of visual dysfunctions in 6-10-year-old very preterm- and full-term-born children

Sanaa A Yassin1,2, Amirah J Al-Dawood3, Waseem M Al-Zamil4,5

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. syassin@iau.edu.sa.

International Ophthalmology
|June 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Very preterm-born children without retinopathy of prematurity show higher risks for decreased visual acuity and anisometropia. These findings highlight the need for continued visual monitoring in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Very preterm-born (VPB) infants face increased risks for various health complications.
  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a known risk factor for visual impairment in preterm infants.
  • The visual outcomes of VPB children without ROP require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare visual function between very preterm-born (VPB) children with no retinopathy of prematurity (no-ROP) and full-term-born controls.
  • To assess visual acuity, color vision, stereoacuity, ocular alignment, refractive errors, amblyopia, and nystagmus.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, prospective study of 30 VPB children (born ≤32 weeks gestation) and 30 matched full-term controls.
  • Participants aged 6-10 years.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations were performed.

Main Results:

  • VPB children had significantly worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in their left eyes (P=0.014).
  • Higher incidences of myopia, hypermetropia, anisometropia (16.7%), and amblyopia (10%) were observed in VPB children.
  • Strabismus occurred equally in both groups (10%).

Conclusions:

  • VPB children without ROP are at increased risk for decreased BCVA in at least one eye.
  • Anisometropia is more prevalent in VPB children compared to full-term controls.
  • These findings emphasize the importance of regular ophthalmic screening for VPB children.
Abstract

Keywords:
AnisometropiaFull-termRefractive errorsStrabismusVery pretermVisual dysfunctions

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