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Definitions and Epidemiological Aspects of Hypertensive Urgencies and Emergencies

Anna Paini1,2, Carlo Aggiusti1,2, Fabio Bertacchini1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension
|June 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Sudden high blood pressure, or hypertensive crises, include hypertensive emergencies with organ damage and hypertensive urgencies without it. This review covers their definitions, prevalence, and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Acute elevations in blood pressure (BP) are common clinical concerns.
  • Hypertensive crises encompass hypertensive emergencies and urgencies.
  • Distinguishing between these conditions is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definitions of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies.
  • To examine the prevalence of these hypertensive crises.
  • To discuss the prognostic implications of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of definitions and classifications.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data for prevalence.
  • Synthesis of studies on prognostic outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive emergency: severe BP elevation with acute organ damage (OD).
  • Hypertensive urgency: isolated severe BP elevation without acute OD.
  • Prevalence and specific prognostic data to be detailed in the full review.

Conclusions:

  • Clear definitions differentiate hypertensive emergencies from urgencies.
  • Accurate diagnosis impacts patient prognosis and treatment strategies.
  • Understanding prevalence and outcomes is vital for clinical practice.

Keywords:
DefinitionEpidemiologyHypertension emergenciesHypertension urgencies

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