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Related Experiment Videos

Increased gluconeogenesis in the rat at term gestation.

C Valcarce, J M Cuezva, J M Medina

    Life Sciences
    |August 12, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Maternal gluconeogenesis significantly increases during late pregnancy in rats, enhancing glucose production from lactate to support the maternal-fetal unit. This adaptation is crucial for maintaining energy balance in pregnant mothers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Reproductive Biology

    Background:

    • Glucose homeostasis is critical for maternal and fetal well-being during pregnancy.
    • Gluconeogenesis, the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, plays a vital role in maintaining blood glucose levels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the contribution of maternal gluconeogenesis to glucose homeostasis in fed term pregnant rats.
    • To quantify changes in gluconeogenic enzyme activity and lactate metabolism during late pregnancy.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of gluconeogenic enzyme activities (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, hexose bisphosphatase).
    • Assessment of lactate turnover and gluconeogenesis rates from lactate in vivo.
    • Comparison between fed term pregnant rats and virgin controls.

    Main Results:

    • Pregnant rats exhibited decreased plasma glucose and liver glycogen, with increased plasma lactate and alanine.
    • Significant increases in liver and kidney phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and liver lactate dehydrogenase and hexose bisphosphatase activities were observed.
    • Lactate turnover and gluconeogenesis rates from lactate were elevated four-fold and two-fold, respectively, in pregnant rats.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal gluconeogenesis is significantly enhanced in late pregnancy, primarily utilizing lactate as a substrate.
    • These metabolic adaptations are essential for maintaining glucose supply to the maternal-fetal unit.

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