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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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The microbiome in autoimmune diseases.

F De Luca1,2, Y Shoenfeld1,3

  • 1Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|June 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mammalian microbiome, comprising symbiotic microorganisms, influences immunity, metabolism, and behavior. Alterations in gut and oral flora are linked to autoimmune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting microbial therapies.

Keywords:
Sjögren’s syndromeanti-phospholipidautoimmune diseasesfaecal transplantationmicrobiomeprobioticsrheumatoid arthritissyndrome systemic lupus erythematosussystemic sclerosis

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Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The mammalian microbiome consists of symbiotic microorganisms influencing host physiology, including immune responses, metabolism, and behavior.
  • Emerging research implicates microbiome dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases.
  • Specific alterations, such as a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut, are observed in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of the microbiome in maintaining immune system homeostasis.
  • To describe alterations in the microbiome associated with systemic autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore novel therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome, including probiotics and fecal transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microbiome composition and function in health and autoimmune disease.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the link between gut and oral microbiota and systemic autoimmune conditions.
  • Examination of potential therapeutic interventions modulating the microbiome.

Main Results:

  • The microbiome plays a crucial role in immune system homeostasis.
  • Systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, and anti-phospholipid syndrome, are associated with significant alterations in the intestinal and oral microbiome.
  • These alterations involve changes in microbial composition and ratios, such as the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Microbiome dysbiosis is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases.
  • Understanding these microbial alterations is key to developing new therapeutic approaches.
  • Probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation represent promising avenues for future treatment strategies.