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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

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Centella asiatica increases hippocampal synaptic density and improves memory and executive function in aged mice.

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Centella asiatica water extract (CAW) improved memory and executive function in aging mice by increasing synaptic density and boosting antioxidant and mitochondrial pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Centella asiatica has a history of use for memory enhancement.
  • Previous studies showed Centella asiatica water extract (CAW) improves spatial memory and neuronal health in aging mice.
  • The effects of CAW on other cognitive functions and its underlying mechanisms in age-related cognitive decline were unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of CAW on diverse cognitive tasks in aged mice.
  • To explore the impact of CAW on synaptic density, mitochondrial function, and antioxidant pathways.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which CAW mitigates age-related cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Aged CB6F1 mice received CAW in drinking water for two weeks.
  • Cognitive functions were assessed via novel object recognition, object location memory, and odor discrimination reversal learning tasks.
  • Synaptic density, mitochondrial, and antioxidant protein levels were analyzed in collected tissues.

Main Results:

  • CAW treatment enhanced performance across all behavioral tests, indicating improvements in hippocampal, cortical, and prefrontal cortex-dependent functions.
  • Synaptic density increased in CAW-treated mice.
  • Expression of the antioxidant gene NRF2 and the mitochondrial marker porin were elevated.

Conclusions:

  • CAW administration improves multiple aspects of age-related cognitive decline, including memory and executive function.
  • CAW increases synaptic density and upregulates key antioxidant and mitochondrial proteins.
  • These findings suggest CAW has broad therapeutic potential for cognitive impairment linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.