Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

49.3K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
49.3K
Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions01:28

Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions

1.8K
Antimuscarinic drugs block muscarinic receptors in multiple systems, including the gut, eye, smooth muscles, respiratory tract, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems. They produce similar effects with varying selectivity depending on the specific agent and tissue. Here are the key pharmacological actions of antimuscarinics:
Gastrointestinal Effects: Antimuscarinics reduce gut contractions, increase gastric emptying, and slow intestinal transit. They partly inhibit gastric acid secretion...
1.8K
Other Glycolytic Pathways01:24

Other Glycolytic Pathways

941
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) operates in parallel with glycolysis, facilitating the metabolism of both pentoses and glucose. This pathway consists of two distinct phases: the oxidative and non-oxidative phases. While it does not directly generate ATP, the intermediates formed during the process can integrate into glycolysis, contributing to cellular energy metabolism when required.Oxidative Phase: NADPH ProductionThe oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway is primarily...
941
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.4K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.4K
ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

4.8K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
4.8K
Respiration Pathways01:26

Respiration Pathways

791
Cellular respiration is a fundamental metabolic process that enables organisms to generate energy from organic molecules. One of its central pathways is the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, which plays a crucial role in energy production and biosynthetic processes.Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoAThe pyruvate generated from glycolysis undergoes oxidative decarboxylation by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, producing acetyl-CoA, one molecule of NADH, and one...
791

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From neural stem cells to cell-free exosome nanotherapy: reprogramming the injured spinal cord microenvironment for regeneration.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Optimized phenotype definitions boost GWAS power.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

A Chopper Amplifier with Feedforward SAR ADC Assisted DC Servo Loop Achieving ±1V DC Offset Cancellation in 2.1s for Neural Signal Recordings.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same author

Multi-omics analysis identifies key genes and functional loci affecting teat number in American Large White and Landrace pigs and their application in optimizing genomic selection models.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Editor's Note: Inhibition of NF-κB-Dependent Signaling Enhances Sensitivity and Overcomes Resistance to BET Inhibition in Uveal Melanoma.

Cancer research·2026
Same author

Dysregulated KIF2A correlates with p53 expression pattern in breast cancer.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring ShiDuGao's Multi-Target Approach in Anus Eczema Treatment
12:34

Author Spotlight: Exploring ShiDuGao's Multi-Target Approach in Anus Eczema Treatment

Published on: January 12, 2024

1.3K

Tissue-Specific Analysis of Pharmacological Pathways.

Yun Hao1, Kayla Quinnies1, Ronald Realubit2

  • 1Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Systems Biology, and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology
|June 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel data-driven method to connect drugs with their target pathways in human tissues, improving drug design and revealing previously unknown drug effects.

More Related Videos

Measurement of Smooth Muscle Function in the Isolated Tissue Bath-applications to Pharmacology Research
09:05

Measurement of Smooth Muscle Function in the Isolated Tissue Bath-applications to Pharmacology Research

Published on: January 19, 2015

149.2K
In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Impact of Immunoregulatory Pathways on HIV-specific CD4 T Cell Effector Function
09:26

In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Impact of Immunoregulatory Pathways on HIV-specific CD4 T Cell Effector Function

Published on: October 15, 2013

14.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring ShiDuGao's Multi-Target Approach in Anus Eczema Treatment
12:34

Author Spotlight: Exploring ShiDuGao's Multi-Target Approach in Anus Eczema Treatment

Published on: January 12, 2024

1.3K
Measurement of Smooth Muscle Function in the Isolated Tissue Bath-applications to Pharmacology Research
09:05

Measurement of Smooth Muscle Function in the Isolated Tissue Bath-applications to Pharmacology Research

Published on: January 19, 2015

149.2K
In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Impact of Immunoregulatory Pathways on HIV-specific CD4 T Cell Effector Function
09:26

In Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Impact of Immunoregulatory Pathways on HIV-specific CD4 T Cell Effector Function

Published on: October 15, 2013

14.5K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Systems Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Current drug design often overlooks tissue-specific protein expression, limiting understanding of molecular effects.
  • A systematic approach is needed to link drugs to biological pathways within specific human tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a data-driven method for connecting drugs to pathways in human tissues.
  • To enhance understanding of cellular responses to drugs and identify novel therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated drug-target relationships with gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and pathway data.
  • Applied the method to four genomewide expression datasets across 259 human tissues/cell lines.
  • Validated findings using L1000 and Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB) data.

Main Results:

  • Established 467,396 connections between 1,034 drugs and 954 pathways.
  • Achieved high precision and recall in validation.
  • Experimentally confirmed anticoagulant effects for 22 previously unknown compounds.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a robust framework for understanding drug effects in specific human tissues.
  • This approach advances systems pharmacology and aids in identifying novel drug-target pathway interactions.
  • Findings facilitate improved drug design and personalized medicine strategies.