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Mitochondrial genome variation of Atlantic cod
Tor Erik Jørgensen1, Bård Ove Karlsen2, Åse Emblem3
1Genomics Group, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049, Bodø, Norway.
BMC Research Notes
|June 21, 2018
Summary
Atlantic cod mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed unique haplotypes and 952 polymorphic sites. Despite a lack of clear phylogeographic structure, eastern and western populations showed genetic differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Marine Biology
- Genomics
- Population Genetics
Background:
- Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is crucial for understanding population structure and evolutionary history.
- Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) populations exhibit complex demographic histories and localized adaptations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze intraspecific sequence variation in Atlantic cod mtDNA using a comprehensive set of complete mitochondrial genomes.
- To investigate phylogeographic patterns and genetic differentiation across the species' North Atlantic range.
Main Methods:
- Sequencing of 124 complete mitochondrial genomes from Atlantic cod.
- Identification of polymorphic sites, including non-synonymous mutations and indels.
- Phylogeographic analyses incorporating 156 publicly available cod mitochondrial genomes.
Main Results:
- All 124 sequenced cod specimens possessed unique mitochondrial DNA haplotypes.
- 952 polymorphic sites were identified, with 109 in protein-coding regions and 18 indels in structural/non-coding regions.
- Eastern and western Atlantic cod populations were genetically differentiated, with higher mtDNA diversity in the east, suggesting divergent population histories.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondrial genome variation in Atlantic cod is influenced by demographic processes and gene flow, despite localized genomic divergence in specific ecotypes.
- Phylogeographic analyses did not reveal a clear overall structure, but highlighted regional differences in population history and diversity.
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