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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models
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Immunotherapy for osteosarcoma: Where do we go from here?

Mary F Wedekind1,2, Lars M Wagner3, Timothy P Cripe1,2

  • 1Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|June 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise for various cancers, but its application for osteosarcoma, a common bone cancer in young people, is largely unexplored. This review examines current and future immunotherapies for osteosarcoma treatment.

Keywords:
immunotherapyosteosarcomasarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Oncology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and young adults.
  • Treatment advances for osteosarcoma, particularly metastatic disease, have been limited over the past three decades.
  • Immunotherapy has demonstrated success in various adult cancers, yet its potential in osteosarcoma remains underinvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and mechanisms of immunotherapies in clinical trials for cancer.
  • To explore emerging immunotherapeutic strategies.
  • To discuss the potential application and future directions of immunotherapy for osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current clinical trials in immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of established and novel immunotherapy mechanisms.
  • Discussion of preclinical and clinical data relevant to osteosarcoma.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving field with diverse mechanisms, including checkpoint inhibitors and cellular therapies.
  • Several immunotherapies are approved for adult malignancies, with ongoing trials exploring their efficacy.
  • Limited but emerging data suggest potential roles for immunotherapy in osteosarcoma, particularly in combination settings.

Conclusions:

  • Osteosarcoma treatment requires novel approaches due to stagnant survival rates.
  • Immunotherapy represents a promising avenue for overcoming treatment resistance in osteosarcoma.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to establish the efficacy and safety of immunotherapies for osteosarcoma patients.