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Microbial specialization by prions.

Gregory A Newby1,2, Can Kayatekin2

  • 1a Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA.

Prion
|June 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Yeast prions like [SWI+] can alter cell behavior, aiding survival in changing environments. These protein aggregates enhance microbial migration and mating, offering a fitness advantage in specific conditions.

Keywords:
SpecializationSwi1[SWI+]microbial prionsyTRAPyeast prions

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Yeast Genetics

Background:

  • Microbial prions are protein aggregates that can induce heritable phenotypic changes.
  • Recent advancements in live-cell imaging allow direct observation of protein aggregation states.
  • The yeast prion [SWI+] has been implicated in various cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the yeast prion [SWI+] in cellular migration and mating behaviors.
  • To utilize novel live-cell protein aggregation interrogation tools to study prion function.
  • To assess the fitness consequences of [SWI+] in different environmental contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Employing advanced live-cell imaging techniques to monitor protein aggregation.
  • Conducting experiments on yeast strains with and without the [SWI+] prion.
  • Assessing migratory behavior under simulated rainfall conditions.
  • Quantifying mating efficiency in different environmental settings.

Main Results:

  • Yeast cells possessing the [SWI+] prion exhibited enhanced dispersal in simulated rainfall.
  • [SWI+] cells demonstrated increased outcrossing frequency compared to [swi-] cells.
  • Under specific environmental conditions, [SWI+] cells showed a fitness advantage over [swi-] cells, contrary to standard lab findings.

Conclusions:

  • Stochastic prion switching can modulate microorganism behaviors, including migration and mating.
  • Prion-mediated phenotypic variation may enhance population fitness in dynamic natural environments.
  • Low-frequency prion switching can lead to specialized individual responses, benefiting the population overall.