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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Multiplexed Analysis of Retinal Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility Using scRNA-Seq and scATAC-Seq
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RNA-Seq for Bacterial Gene Expression.

Line Dahl Poulsen1, Jeppe Vinther1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Current Protocols in Nucleic Acid Chemistry
|June 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a simple, cost-effective protocol for preparing bacterial RNA sequencing libraries. It also provides a computational pipeline for analyzing sequencing data, improving bacterial gene expression studies.

Keywords:
RNA-seqlibrary constructionnext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is crucial for quantifying bacterial gene expression.
  • Library preparation is a bottleneck in RNA-seq experiments.
  • High-quality library preparation is essential for reliable RNA-seq data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a straightforward and inexpensive protocol for bacterial strand-specific RNA-seq library preparation.
  • To provide a computational pipeline for analyzing RNA-seq data.
  • To facilitate efficient and high-quality bacterial gene expression studies.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a basic protocol for strand-specific RNA-seq library preparation from bacterial RNA.
  • Utilized the Illumina sequencing platform.
  • Created a computational pipeline for sequencing read data analysis.

Main Results:

  • The protocol is straightforward, inexpensive, and yields high-quality libraries.
  • The method allows for easy multiplexing of samples.
  • Sequencing reads that are PCR duplicates can be effectively removed.

Conclusions:

  • The presented protocol and pipeline offer an accessible solution for bacterial RNA-seq.
  • This approach can improve the efficiency and quality of bacterial gene expression analysis.
  • The method supports multiplexing and PCR duplicate removal for robust results.