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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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MALAT1: A long non-coding RNA highly associated with human cancers.

Miaomiao Zhao1,2, Songpo Wang1, Qi Li3

  • 1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China.

Oncology Letters
|June 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is upregulated in many cancers, affecting tumor growth and spread. This review highlights MALAT1 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for various cancers.

Keywords:
cancerclinical applicationlong non-coding RNAmetastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1molecular mechanism

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a long non-coding RNA implicated in various diseases, especially cancer.
  • MALAT1 expression is frequently upregulated in diverse tumor types, influencing key cancer hallmarks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the aberrant expression of MALAT1 in various cancers.
  • To summarize MALAT1's role in cancer progression, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of MALAT1 as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on MALAT1 expression and function in cancer.
  • Analysis of MALAT1's involvement in molecular pathways.
  • Examination of clinical data regarding MALAT1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Results:

  • MALAT1 is abnormally expressed in numerous cancers, including those of the digestive and reproductive systems.
  • MALAT1 significantly impacts tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
  • MALAT1 shows promise as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as a therapeutic target.

Conclusions:

  • MALAT1 plays a critical role in cancer development and progression across multiple cancer types.
  • Understanding MALAT1's upstream and downstream interactions is crucial for its clinical application.
  • Further research into MALAT1 could lead to improved cancer diagnosis, treatment, and novel therapeutic strategies.