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The relationship between intimate partner violence and HIV: A model-based evaluation.

Simon W Rigby1, Leigh F Johnson1

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|June 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The link between intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV risk is largely due to shared behavioral factors, not direct causation. Reducing IPV alone may not significantly lower HIV incidence.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyGenderHIVModellingViolence

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) is linked to increased HIV risk in women.
  • Causal factors for this association and the effectiveness of IPV interventions on HIV incidence remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal pathways linking intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV.
  • To evaluate the impact of confounding behavioral factors on the IPV-HIV association using an agent-based model.

Main Methods:

  • An agent-based model was developed and calibrated using South African data.
  • Assumptions on IPV and HIV risk behavior associations were informed by international literature reviews.

Main Results:

  • A significant association between past IPV and HIV incidence exists, partly due to behavioral propensities (e.g., multiple/concurrent partners).
  • Confounding behavioral factors explain a substantial portion of the observed IPV-HIV association.
  • A 50% reduction in IPV is projected to decrease HIV incidence by a maximum of 1.3%.

Conclusions:

  • The observed association between IPV and HIV is likely driven by confounding behavioral factors.
  • While crucial, interventions solely targeting IPV reduction may not substantially impact overall HIV incidence.