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Related Experiment Videos

Hypersensitivity reaction to mannitol.

I Y McNeill

    Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Severe anaphylaxis to mannitol, a common osmotic diuretic, can occur, particularly in patients with a history of atopy. This case highlights the importance of vigilance for hypersensitivity reactions during mannitol administration.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Pharmacology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Mannitol is a widely used osmotic diuretic for managing increased intracranial pressure.
    • Atopy, a predisposition to allergic diseases, is a known risk factor for hypersensitivity reactions.

    Observation:

    • A 60-year-old female with a history of atopy presented with neurological deficits.
    • During mannitol administration for elevated intracranial pressure, she experienced chest tightness.
    • A subsequent mannitol infusion triggered a severe hypersensitivity reaction with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and hives.

    Findings:

    • The patient developed anaphylaxis, a rare but serious adverse reaction to mannitol.
    • Prompt administration of aminophylline and diphenhydramine resolved the hypersensitivity symptoms.

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    Implications:

    • This case underscores the potential for severe anaphylaxis to mannitol, even with its common use.
    • Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for mannitol-induced hypersensitivity, especially in atopic patients.
    • Awareness of this risk is crucial for physicians and pharmacists to ensure patient safety.