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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Mesh Analysis with Current Sources01:10

Mesh Analysis with Current Sources

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Mesh analysis becomes simpler when analyzing circuits with current sources, whether independent or dependent. The presence of current sources reduces the number of equations required for analysis. Two cases illustrate this:
Current Source in One Mesh: The analysis process is straightforward when a current source is found in only one mesh within the circuit. Mesh currents are assigned as usual, with the mesh containing the current source excluded from the analysis. Kirchhoff's voltage law...
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Cell Potential and Free Energy02:58

Cell Potential and Free Energy

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Thermodynamics of a Redox Reaction
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
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Activation Energy01:26

Activation Energy

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Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to move forward. The higher the activation energy, the slower the rate of the reaction. However, adding heat to the reaction will increase the rate, since it causes molecules to move faster and increase the likelihood that molecules will collide. The collision and breaking of bonds represents the uphill phase of a reaction and generates the transition state. The transition state is an unstable high-energy state...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Internal Energy02:00

Internal Energy

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The total of all possible kinds of energy present in a substance is called the internal energy (U), sometimes symbolized as E. Suppose a system with initial internal energy, Uinitial, undergoes a change in energy (transfer of work or heat), and the final internal energy of the system is Ufinal. Change in internal energy equals the difference between Ufinal and Uinitial.
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Microbial fuel cells as an alternative energy source: current status.

Muhammad Mohsin Javed1, Muhammad Azhar Nisar2, Muhammad Usman Ahmad2

  • 1a Department of Biotechnology , Virtual University of Pakistan , Lahore , Pakistan.

Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews
|June 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer renewable energy and bioremediation. Research advances MFC designs and substrates, but challenges remain for economic feasibility and widespread application.

Keywords:
Microfloraair cathodeelectro-active biofilmelectrochemically active microorganisms (EAMs)proton exchange membrane (PEM)salt bridge

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is a promising renewable energy source with bioremediation capabilities.
  • Recent research focuses on optimizing MFC reactor design and operational parameters to enhance energy generation.
  • Growing interest in MFCs is evident from diverse, economically viable substrate utilization and advanced model development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent advancements in MFC designs, materials, and operating parameters.
  • To highlight the progress in MFC technology for energy generation and environmental applications.
  • To identify existing limitations and future challenges for MFC economic feasibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on Microbial Fuel Cell technology.
  • Analysis of commonly used MFC designs and materials.
  • Examination of key operating parameters influencing MFC performance.
  • Assessment of substrate diversity and economic viability for MFC applications.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in MFC reactor design and operational strategies have been reported.
  • A wide variety of substrates are being explored for cost-effective MFC applications.
  • Current MFC models demonstrate increased performance, reflecting scientific community interest.
  • Despite progress, MFCs face limitations in efficiency, scalability, and economic viability.

Conclusions:

  • MFC technology holds substantial potential for sustainable energy and environmental cleanup.
  • Continued research is crucial to overcome current limitations in MFC design and efficiency.
  • Economic feasibility and scalability are key challenges for the widespread adoption of MFCs.
  • Tailoring MFC applications to local needs is essential for practical implementation.