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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
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Prostate sparing cystectomy for bladder cancer: A two-center study.

Charlotte S Voskuilen1, Elisabeth E Fransen van de Putte1, Jose I Pérez-Reggeti2

  • 1The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology
|June 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Prostate sparing cystectomy (PSC) offers excellent functional outcomes for bladder cancer (BC) patients, preserving erectile function and continence. Oncologic results are comparable to radical cystoprostatectomy, making it a viable alternative.

Keywords:
Bladder carcinomaCystectomyNeobladderProstate sparingSexual function preserving

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Radical cystectomy is standard for muscle-invasive bladder cancer but leads to significant morbidity.
  • Preserving the prostate during cystectomy is explored as a way to maintain sexual function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate long-term functional and oncologic outcomes of prostate sparing cystectomy (PSC).
  • To assess PSC as a sexuality-preserving alternative to radical cystectomy in select bladder cancer (BC) patients.

Main Methods:

  • 185 BC patients underwent standardized PSC with orthotopic ileal neobladder.
  • Rigorous pre-operative evaluation excluded prostate cancer and malignancy in the prostatic urethra (PU).
  • Kaplan-Meier and competing-risk methods assessed overall survival, recurrence, and mortality; functional outcomes were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Median follow-up was 7.5 years; 5-year overall survival was 71%.
  • Five-year recurrence incidence was 31%, with 10.8% loco-regional recurrence; 3.2% developed prostate cancer.
  • Erectile function preserved in 86.1%; daytime/nighttime continence in 95.6%/70.2%.

Conclusions:

  • PSC is a valid treatment option for selected BC patients with proven malignancy-free prostate and PU.
  • PSC demonstrates excellent functional outcomes and oncologic results comparable to radical cystoprostatectomy.