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Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma: A case report
Jun Du1, Liang-Liang Huang1, Ao Xu1
1Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China.
Oncology Letters
|June 23, 2018
Summary
Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma (MM) is rare and challenging to diagnose due to non-specific features. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed MM by identifying melanosomes, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Undifferentiated sinonasal malignant melanoma (MM) is a rare neoplasm.
- It poses diagnostic challenges due to potential misdiagnosis with other sinonasal malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of undifferentiated sinonasal MM.
- To highlight diagnostic difficulties and suggest auxiliary diagnostic tools.
Main Methods:
- Clinical examination and radiological imaging.
- Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for ultrastructural evaluation.
Main Results:
- A sinonasal mass was detected in a 41-year-old male presenting with epistaxis.
- Histopathology showed malignant epithelioid cells with a hemangiopericytoma-like pattern.
- Immunohistochemistry for melanocytic markers was negative, complicating initial diagnosis.
- TEM revealed mature melanosomes and premelanosomes, confirming MM.
Conclusions:
- Undifferentiated sinonasal MM can mimic other tumors, necessitating advanced diagnostic techniques.
- Transmission electron microscopy is crucial for definitive diagnosis when immunohistochemistry is inconclusive.
- Cancer stem cell markers and vasculogenic mimicry analysis may serve as auxiliary diagnostic aids.
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