Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

49.3K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
49.3K
Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

72.1K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
72.1K
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

37.0K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
37.0K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.4K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.4K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water01:16

Solubility Equilibria: Ionic Product of Water

1.9K
Pure water is a weak electrolyte; only a small amount ionizes into hydrogen and hydroxide ions. At any given temperature, the concentration of undissociated water is almost constant, so the ionic product of water is the product of the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, denoted as Kw. The square root of Kw gives the individual ion concentrations.
The ionic product of water varies with temperature, and its value is 1.0 x 10−14 at standard experimental conditions. Per Le...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unsupervised machine learning-assisted multimodal characterization of cardiomyocytes on a thin-film-transistor microelectrode array (TFT-MEA).

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2026
Same author

Biodegradable Tactile Sensors Using a Bioderived Ionic Liquid for Transient Ionics.

ACS materials Au·2025
Same author

Biodegradable Temperature Sensors with Enhanced Sensitivity Using Bioderived Ionic Liquid with Sodium Ions.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Supramolecular Ionic Gels for Stretchable Electronics and Future Directions.

ACS materials Au·2025
Same author

Development of supramolecular ionic gels with self-healing capability and biodegradability using a bioderived ionic liquid and poly(vinyl alcohol).

Nanoscale·2024
Same author

Dry Transfer of van der Waals Junctions of Two-Dimensional Materials onto Patterned Substrates Using Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride)/Kamaboko-Shaped Polydimethylsiloxane.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.5K

A Water Dissolvable Electrolyte with an Ionic Liquid for Eco-Friendly Electronics.

Shunsuke Yamada1, Hiroshi Toshiyoshi1

  • 1Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a water-dissolvable ionic gel electrolyte using ionic liquid (IL) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). This eco-friendly gel offers high capacitance and electrical conductance for disposable electronics, dissolving harmlessly in water.

Keywords:
electrical double layerselectrolytesionic liquidspoly(vinyl alcohol)water dissolvable electrolytes

More Related Videos

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

12.0K
A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
13:46

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.5K
Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
10:36

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating

Published on: April 12, 2018

12.0K
A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
13:46

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate PolyLactic Acid Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are known for forming electrical double layers (EDLs) with high capacitance at electrode interfaces.
  • Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a water-soluble polymer with potential for creating hydrogel electrolytes.
  • Disposable electronics require environmentally benign materials that degrade after use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel water-dissolvable electrolyte by combining an ionic liquid (IL) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA).
  • To investigate the electrochemical properties, specifically capacitance and electrical conductance, of the developed ionic gel.
  • To assess the biodegradability and potential applications of the ionic gel in disposable electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of an ionic gel electrolyte by blending an ionic liquid with poly(vinyl alcohol).
  • Electrochemical characterization, including capacitance measurements at the electrical double layer (EDL) and ionic conductance determination.
  • Evaluation of the gel's dissolution time in water and assessment of its potential for use in disposable sensors and energy harvesters.

Main Results:

  • The developed ionic gel exhibits a large capacitance of 13 µF cm-2, attributed to EDL formation.
  • The ionic gel demonstrates an electrical conductance of 20 µS cm-1, influenced by the IL to PVA weight ratio.
  • The synthesized gel is water-dissolvable, degrading completely within 16 hours.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, water-dissolvable ionic gel electrolyte has been successfully developed using IL and PVA.
  • The material shows promising electrochemical performance for applications in disposable electronic devices.
  • This environmentally friendly electrolyte offers a sustainable solution for single-use electronics, minimizing environmental impact.