A brain network model for depression: From symptom understanding to disease intervention
Bao-Juan Li1,2, Karl Friston3, Maria Mody2
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
|June 23, 2018
Summary
Depression involves altered brain network connectivity. Specific network changes correlate with symptoms like dysphoria, anhedonia, and rumination, improving with treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Brain Imaging
Background:
- Understanding the neural basis of depression is vital for effective diagnosis and treatment.
- Functional and effective brain connectivity are key areas of investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent studies on functional and effective connectivity in depression.
- To identify key brain networks involved in depressive pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Review of functional and effective connectivity studies in depression.
- Analysis of findings related to specific brain networks.
Main Results:
- Depression is associated with altered connectivity in at least four brain networks: ventral limbic, frontal-striatal reward, default mode, and dorsal cognitive control.
- Specific connectivity patterns correlate with core depressive symptoms such as dysphoria, anhedonia, rumination, and cognitive deficits.
Conclusions:
- Aberrant connectivity within these identified networks plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression.
- Restoration of network connectivity correlates with symptom improvement following various antidepressant treatments.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
3.8K
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
3.8K
01:05Long-term Depression
33.3K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.3K
03:12Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation
40.3K
Boiling Point Elevation
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
40.3K
02:26Protein Networks
4.6K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.6K
01:28Depressants
454
Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
454
01:28Understanding the Self
310
The self is a central aspect of human identity, encompassing an individual’s beliefs, emotions, perceptions, and experiences. It is a cognitive and psychological construct that enables individuals to interpret their traits and behaviors, influencing how they perceive themselves and interact with the world. While personality consists of stable and enduring characteristics, the self is shaped by self-perception and social experiences. This distinction highlights the dynamic nature of the...
310