Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
Published on: November 9, 2015
Formation of Slantwise Surface Ripples by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation
Xin Zheng1,2, Cong Cong3, Yuhao Lei4
1The Guo China-US Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China. lindsax@163.com.
Abstract:
We report on the formation of slantwise-oriented periodic subwavelength ripple structures on chromium surfaces irradiated by single-beam femtosecond laser pulses at normal incidence. Unexpectedly, the ripples slanted in opposite directions on each side the laser-scanned area, neither perpendicular nor parallel to the laser polarization. The modulation depth was also found to change from one ripple to the next ripple. A theoretical model is provided to explain our observations, and excellent agreement is shown between the simulations and the experimental results. Moreover, the validity of our theory is also confirmed on bulk chromium surfaces. Our study provides insights for better understanding and control of femtosecond laser nanostructuring.
Related Concept Videos
Formation of Species
Solution Formation
This selective...
Surface Tension and Surface Energy
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
Standard Enthalpy of Formation
Formation of Complex Ions
Wood Surfacing
The equipment used in the surfacing process is a plane equipped with rotating blades. This tool efficiently smoothens the wood surface and can...

