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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Tissue Regeneration and Disease Modeling with Dental Pulp Stem Cells
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Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived, Scaffold-Free Constructs for Bone Regeneration.

Fukushima Tatsuhiro1, Tatehara Seiko2, Takebe Yusuke3

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsrumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan. fukushima-tatsuhiro@tsurumi-u.ac.jp.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel scaffold-free tissue construct using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) for tissue regeneration. The hDPSCs construct shows potential as a biomaterial for bone regeneration applications.

Keywords:
bone inductionbone regenerationcell sheetdental pulp stem cellscaffold-freethree-dimensional culturetissue engineering construct

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tissue engineering aims to regenerate defects using various approaches.
  • Scaffold-based methods are common, but scaffold-free techniques offer alternative strategies.
  • Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) possess multipotent differentiation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel scaffold-free tissue construct using hDPSCs.
  • To evaluate the potential of this construct for bone regeneration.
  • To investigate the effect of osteogenic induction on construct properties.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of scaffold-free hDPSCs constructs through 4-week basal sheet culturing followed by 1-week 3D culture.
  • Comparison with control constructs (hDPSC sheets) cultured on monolayer.
  • Assessment of construct morphology, calcified matrix formation, and expression of bone-related genes.
  • Evaluation of osteogenic induction's impact on construct characteristics.

Main Results:

  • The hDPSCs constructs formed spherical structures with calcified matrices, unlike controls.
  • Significantly upregulated expression of bone-related genes was observed in hDPSCs constructs.
  • Osteogenic induction enhanced calcified matrix formation and bone-related gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • The developed hDPSCs constructs are composed of cells, extracellular matrix, and calcified matrix.
  • These scaffold-free constructs demonstrate promising potential as a biomaterial for bone regeneration.
  • Osteogenic induction further enhances the bone-forming potential of these constructs.