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Leukaemoid reaction in Eastern Highlands children

F Shann, S Germer

    Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal
    |December 1, 1979
    PubMed

    Insights

    A high white cell count (WCC) over 40,000/mm3 in children may indicate a leukaemoid reaction. This condition is a grave prognostic sign, with a 76% mortality rate observed in Goroka Hospital.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Elevated white cell counts (WCC) are observed in pediatric patients.
    • A WCC exceeding 30,000/mm3 was noted in 278 children between 1973-1977.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define "leukaemoid reaction" in Highlands children.
    • To assess the prognostic significance of a high WCC.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of pediatric ward data from Goroka Hospital (1973-1977).
    • Focus on children with WCC over 30,000/mm3 and specifically over 40,000/mm3.

    Main Results:

    • In 1977, 17 children had a WCC over 40,000/mm3 with known outcomes; 13 (76%) died.
    • Leukaemoid reactions accounted for a quarter of all deaths in the pediatric ward.

    Conclusions:

    • A leukaemoid reaction should be defined as a WCC over 40,000/mm3 not caused by leukemia.
    • This condition is a significant and grave prognostic indicator in pediatric patients.

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