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Screw: Problem Solving01:21

Screw: Problem Solving

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In mechanical engineering, the interaction between a threaded screw shaft and a plate gear involves analyzing the resisting torque on the plate gear that can be overpowered when a specific torsional moment is applied to the shaft. To better comprehend this concept, consider a generic situation with a threaded screw shaft with a given mean radius and lead and a plate gear with a specified mean radius. The coefficient of static friction between the screw and gear is also provided.
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Screws are characterized by a helical ridge known as a thread wrapped around a cylindrical shaft. They are commonly used as fasteners to hold objects together or to transmit power and motion in machines. One type of screw that is particularly useful for transmitting power is the square-threaded screw.
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Fixation and Sectioning01:03

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Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
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Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Screw Fixation Alone for Scaphoid Fracture Nonunion.

Stephen Michael Crowe Ernst1, David P Green2, James M Saucedo3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|June 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scaphoid fracture nonunion, a complication of wrist fractures, can cause pain and disability. Some stable nonunions may be treated with minimally invasive surgery, but more research is needed to confirm this approach for scaphoid nonunion treatment.

Keywords:
Scaphoid fracture nonunionpercutaneous fixation of scaphoid nonunionscrew fixation for scaphoid nonunion

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Musculoskeletal Research

Background:

  • Scaphoid fracture nonunion frequently leads to wrist pain, arthrosis, and functional disability.
  • While often caused by delayed diagnosis or inadequate treatment, nonunions can occur despite appropriate initial care.
  • Acute scaphoid fractures are typically managed nonoperatively, but nonunions often necessitate surgical intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of percutaneous debridement and fixation as a treatment for specific cases of scaphoid nonunion.
  • To identify characteristics that may indicate suitability for minimally invasive treatment of scaphoid nonunion.
  • To highlight the need for further clinical studies to define indications for percutaneous scaphoid nonunion management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on scaphoid fracture nonunion treatment.
  • Analysis of suggested indications for percutaneous debridement and fixation in stable nonunions.
  • Identification of gaps in current clinical evidence regarding minimally invasive techniques.

Main Results:

  • Traditional treatment for scaphoid nonunion involves open debridement and bone grafting.
  • Emerging evidence suggests percutaneous debridement and fixation may be viable for certain stable nonunions.
  • Specific patient or fracture characteristics favoring percutaneous approaches require further definition.

Conclusions:

  • Scaphoid nonunion management is evolving, with potential for less invasive techniques.
  • Percutaneous debridement and fixation show promise for select stable scaphoid nonunions.
  • Well-designed clinical trials are essential to establish definitive indications and outcomes for minimally invasive scaphoid nonunion surgery.