Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026
07:58
Formulation and Characterization of Bioactive Agent Containing Nanodisks
Published on: March 17, 2023
1.6K
Polymerization kinetics of experimental bioactive composites containing bioactive glass
Matej Par1, Zrinka Tarle1, Reinhard Hickel2
1Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, Zagreb, Croatia.
Journal of Dentistry
|June 25, 2018
Summary
Adding bioactive glass 45S5 (BG) to resin composites inhibits polymerization kinetics and degree of conversion (DC). Higher BG content leads to lower DC, with limited improvement from extended curing times.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Biomaterials Engineering
Background:
- Resin composites are widely used in restorative dentistry.
- Bioactive glasses (BG) are incorporated to enhance therapeutic properties.
- Understanding BG's effect on resin polymerization is crucial for material development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the polymerization kinetics and degree of conversion (DC) of experimental resin composites.
- To evaluate the impact of varying amounts of bioactive glass 45S5 (BG) on these properties.
Main Methods:
- Experimental resin composites were prepared using a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA system with 0-40 wt% BG.
- Specimens were light-cured (1219 mW/cm²) for 20 or 40 s.
- DC was monitored for 5 min using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
Main Results:
- 5-min DC ranged from 42.4-55.9% (20 s cure) and 47.3-57.9% (40 s cure).
- Increasing BG content decreased polymerization rate and DC.
- Extended curing time had a limited effect on improving DC in higher BG content materials.
Conclusions:
- Unsilanized BG fillers exhibit a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on resin composite polymerization.
- Higher BG concentrations negatively impact polymerization kinetics and DC.
- Potential adverse effects on mechanical properties and biocompatibility warrant further investigation.
Related Concept Videos
01:28The Looking Glass Self
373
The concept of the looking-glass self describes how an individual's self-concept is shaped by their perception of how others see them. This psychological theory, first introduced by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley in 1902, posits that self-identity emerges in a social context and is influenced by the judgments—real or imagined—of others.Research suggests that individuals frequently overestimate how positively others perceive them. This is particularly evident in physical...
373
00:23Kinetic Energy
43.5K
Kinetic energy is the ability of an object in motion to do work or enact change. It can take on many forms. For instance, water flowing down a waterfall has kinetic energy. In biological systems, particles of light travel and are absorbed by plants to create chemical energy. Animals consume the chemical energy and give off molecules that carry their scent through the air. They also generate kinetic energy when they run away from predators. Entire systems also possess kinetic energy, like the...
43.5K
01:19Enzyme Kinetics
104.2K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
104.2K
03:07Kinetic Molecular Theory: Molecular Velocities, Temperature, and Kinetic Energy
29.9K
The kinetic molecular theory qualitatively explains the behaviors described by the various gas laws. The postulates of this theory may be applied in a more quantitative fashion to derive these individual laws.
29.9K
03:35Classifying Matter by Composition
90.8K
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures.
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated.
A mixture is composed of two or...
90.8K
01:16Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)
3.2K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
3.2K