Selenium nanoparticles: A potent chemotherapeutic agent and an elucidation of its mechanism

Selenium nanoparticles have at present picked up a vital prospect in the field of medicine, due to their inquisitive properties when compared to other selenium compounds. They are comparatively better as anticancer, non- toxic, and biocompatible operators than selenite (SeO₃^-2) and selenate (SeO₄^-2) compounds. The mechanism behind the anticancerous property of SeNps is primarily due to the invasion of the apoptotic pathways and cell cycle arrest, which eventually lead to blockage of other pathways. Conjugation or surface modification of selenium nanoparticles enhances its anticancer adequacy by antibiotics, biomolecules or phytochemical compounds present in microbes or plants. Selenium, being an integral part of enzyme like glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and other seleno-chemical compounds, can enhance the chemotherapeutic activity by acting as a functional division of redox center and inhibiting the tissues from cellular damage by ROS. SeNps can open ways to new regular strategies for treating illnesses like malignancy, and this audit expresses the reasons why these nano measured medications can be the following huge achievement as chemotherapeutic operators.